Topic: biology

Introduction of customization of aging Animal models Available Models of Common Age-Related DiseasesBone disease. For example, age-related bone loss, and age-related osteoporosis models.Cardiovascular diseases. For example, the primary hypertension animal model, myocardial infarction animal model, heart failure animal model, etc.Aging lung.Neurodegenerative disease. For example, models of Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.Multi-morbidity and frailty. For example, some chronic disease m...

Introduction of Strain HybridizationOne of the key components of synthetic biology is the creation of novel strains with unique properties that can be used for various applications such as biotechnology, medicine, and agriculture. Strain hybridization is an essential technique in synthetic biology that involves the combination of genetic material from different strains to create a new hybrid strain with desired traits.  

Cell-free protein expression or cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) refers to the protein expression approach that produces target proteins without using living cells. All the cellular machinery, such as ribosomes, enzymes, tRNAs, amino acids, and cofactors, are contained in CFPS for direct protein synthesis. A supplied nucleic acid template can be transcribed and translated in CFPS, and this process is not constrained by a cell wall or homeostasis conditions required to maintain cell viability.C...

Introduction to Protein DesignProtein design aims to create proteins with enhanced or novel activity, behavior, or other functional properties. As a powerful tool, it may have a profound impact on synthetic biology and may have more rapid and innovative applications. In the near future, protein design, especially computational design, will greatly expand the functional capabilities of synthetic cells. De Novo Protein DesignIn de novo protein design, the ultimate objective is to identify the appr...

Introduction to Genetic CircuitSynthetic biology is a field of science that deals with engineering and redesigning biological systems. The design of genetic circuits is inspired by electronics and computer science. Genetic circuits can perform logical functions mimicking those observed in electronic circuits and exhibit control over the flow of information in biological systems. Genetic circuit design should follow the principles of modularity, orthogonality, predictability, and reliability.In r...

Introduction of The Cerebral CortexThe cerebral cortex is the outermost layer of tissue in the brain that is only a few millimeters thick. The appearance of the folds increase the surface area of the cerebral cortex, which contains between 14 billion and 16 billion neurons, thus allowing it to play an important role in human cognitive function, while controlling somatic movements and interpreting sensations.Injuries Caused by Cortical Function DeclineCerebral Cortex DisordersThe cerebral cortex,...

The ability to overexpress genes in microorganisms has revolutionized the field of synthetic biology. Gene overexpression involves the production of large quantities of target proteins by increasing the transcription and translation of the gene of interest. This technique has been applied in the engineering of microorganisms to produce a wide range of products, including biofuels, chemicals, and biopharmaceuticals. There are several strategies for gene overexpression in strain engineering. One c...

Aging is a biological process that occurs in each of us as individuals and is accompanied by a variety of changes. At the molecular level, DNA methylation occurs, a process in which a methyl group is covalently bonded at the cytosine 5 carbon position of a genomic CpG dinucleotide, and the association between DNA methylation and aging has been extensively studied and their close correlation has been found.DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that plays a key role in many aging-related b...

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) columns are used for the analysis or preparation of separated compounds from complex mixtures. The pressurized liquid solvent containing the sample mixture passes through a column filled with a solid adsorbent material. Since each component in the sample interacts with the adsorbent material slightly differently, the components with different flow rates are separated as they flow out of the column. According to separation mechanism, common HPLC colum...

ethylation-Based Biological Age and Cancer RiskChanges in DNA methylation levels with age, and it has been widely studied as a well-known biomarker of aging. A number of DNA methylation age clocks have appeared and been used, and when the age predicted by the methylation clock is greater than the actual age, it is considered to have "age acceleration", which is also called the biological measure of aging.Research suggests a correlation between aging and cancer as well. Predicted ages obtained by...